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Israel and the Palestinian militant group Hamas have agreed to a ceasefire after one of the area’s worst rounds of violence since the 2014 Gaza War.

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A truce halted the bloodshed, but the fury of young Palestinians is stronger than ever By Kareem Khadder and Tamara Qiblawi, CNN Jerusalem (CNN) — A young Palestinian boy in thick eyeglasses stood dumbstruck as Israeli police dragged his grandmother, Rifqa, out of his family home. His eyes shifted between the uniformed men and the 92-year-old woman who squirmed in their clutches. Shouts rang out and, within minutes, the family was driven out of half of their home in East Jerusalem. It was a hot August day in 2009. CNN witnessed those scenes, which the then 12-year-old Mohammed el-Kurd can barely remember today. Abutting his current family residence is the part of the house his grandmother — who died last year at the age of 103 — once lived. It is inhabited now by a Jewish settler. Outside, a playground that was once an island of serenity for the Kurd children is strewn with litter and thick overgrowth. An olive tree which his family planted in 2000 stands in the middle of the garden. “It was the first time I felt how minuscule I was in comparison to the hundreds of army and police and occupation forces that were accompanying settlers and throwing people outside of their homes,” Kurd told CNN from the family’s home in Sheikh Jarrah this week. “So much has been erased from my memory because of the intensity of the situation.” (Note: All of the above is Kareem Khadder’s reporting. Includes 2009 scenes) Kurd is now a poet. His first book of his poems centered on Palestinians’ struggles is about to be published. He called it Rifqa. Kurd is also a vocal advocate of Palestinian rights, and his family once again faces the possibility of forced eviction from what remains of his home. As the conflict between Israel and Hamas raged on this month, Kurd was outspoken in his activism around the plight of Palestinians in Gaza. After the declaration of a ceasefire brought an end to more than 10 days of conflict between Gaza and Israel, Kurd and other Palestinians can rest a little easier. But they say their day-to-day realities — which mobilized Palestinians in East Jerusalem, the West Bank and Gaza, as well as in Israel — are unchanged. “For clarification, our neighborhood’s situation is still terrible, and we are still ​closed off (to non-residents) and our displacement remains a possibility,” Kurd tweeted just after the ceasefire announcement, referring to Sheikh Jarrah, the epicenter of unrest that gripped Israel and the Palestinian territories this month. Sheikh Jarrah galvanizes Palestinians The Palestinian families facing eviction have been living in the Sheikh Jarrah neighborhood, just north of the Old City, since 1956, in an arrangement brokered by the United Nations to find homes in East Jerusalem — then under Jordanian control — for those displaced during the establishment of the state of Israel in 1948. Now, an Israeli nationalist organization called Nahalat Shimon is using a 1970 law — passed after Israel gained control over East Jerusalem in 1967 — to argue that the owners of the land before 1948 were Jewish families, so the current Palestinian inhabitants should be evicted and their properties given to Israeli Jews. Palestinians contend that restitution laws in Israel are unfair because they themselves have no legal means to reclaim the property they lost to Jewish families in the late 1940s, in what became the state of Israel. In recent weeks, Palestinian protests on behalf of families facing eviction in Sheikh Jarrah galvanized a youth movement that spread through ​East Jerusalem, the West Bank and Palestinian communities inside Israel. In the midst of the Jerusalem protests, police tear gassed and sprayed skunk water at protesters at the Old City’s Damascus Gate. As Palestinian demonstrators threw rocks at police, Israeli forces entered the al-Aqsa mosque, Islam’s third holiest site, firing stun grenades at protesters and worshipers. The dramatic scenes spurred even more Palestinians to take to the streets. For the first time in years, Hamas, took the rare step of firing rockets at Jerusalem, in what it said was a reaction to Israeli police actions in al-Aqsa. For more than 10 days, Israel and Hamas exchanged fire. More than 1,800 Israeli airstrikes destroyed a number of buildings, including scores of residential towers and 33 media institutions, and killed at least 230 people in Gaza, including 60 children, according to the Hamas-run health ministry. Over 3,750 Hamas rockets killed 12 people in Israel, including two children, according to Israeli officials. After the ceasefire went into effect early Friday, the leaders of Israel and Hamas were both quick to claim victory. Hamas — designated a terror organization by the US, UK, EU and many others — governs Gaza, which is under an Israeli naval, air and land blockade. Egypt, through its tight control of the Rafah crossing into Gaza, has also participated in the blockade, which the UN has repeatedly said is causing a humanitarian crisis in the coastal enclave. Many of Hamas’ rockets were intercepted by Israel’s Iron Dome defense system. But sirens rang out as far away as Tel Aviv, sending Israelis to bomb shelters in droves. Gaza does not have an air defense system and has few bomb shelters. Thousands sought refuge in UN schools. Many other families huddled together in their homes amid the thundering air raids and artillery fire, bidding loved ones abroad farewell in case they didn’t survive the night. Israel says it targeted Hamas militants. Israeli Defense Minister Benny Gantz hailed the Israeli military’s operation as “unprecedented in their power, precision and strategic significance, in the struggle against terror organizations in the Gaza strip.” Human rights issues Despite the truce, the underlying issues that spurred Palestinians into the streets in the first place haven’t gone away, rights groups and analysts say. Last month, a 230-page Human Rights Watch report said Israel “institutionally discriminates” against Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza, as well as in Israel, accusing it of committing “crimes of apartheid and persecution.” In January, the Israeli rights group ​B’Tselem declared Israel “a regime of Jewish supremacy from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea: This is apartheid.” Israeli authorities have vehemently denied the accusations by such groups, accusing them of advancing an “anti-Israeli agenda actively seeking for years to promote boycotts against Israel.” https://edition.cnn.com/2021/04/27/middleeast/israel-apartheid-accusation-intl-hnk/index.html But the rights groups have cited one of Israel’s own recent laws as the premise of their reports. Israel’s 2018 Basic Law determines that the “State of Israel is the nation state of the Jewish People … and that exercising the right to national self-determination in the State of Israel is unique to the Jewish People.” It is this law, argues Marwan Muasher, vice-president for studies at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, that has contributed to mobilizing Palestinians across Israel, as well as areas of Israeli military rule or blockade. “Israel today has employed two separate legal systems, one for the Palestinian Arabs and one for the Israeli Jews, which is the textbook definition of apartheid,” said Muasher, a former Jordanian foreign minister and his country’s first ambassador to Israel. “The word apartheid was taboo a few years ago. Today, it is no longer taboo.” “We are living in the George Floyd era where racial injustice inside the United States is no longer tolerated, and injustice anywhere should not be tolerated,” he added. “I think there is an appetite developing internationally that supports this.” A growing frustration with Palestinian leadership But the Palestinian popular landscape is shifting in more ways than one. Across communities, the chasm between the young people driving the protests and their leadership is growing ever wider. Palestinians in the West Bank, where the Palestine Liberation Organization rules, are increasingly frustrated at repeated delays to elections, along with the perception of widespread corruption. (link out to: https://edition.cnn.com/2021/04/29/middleeast/abbas-postpones-palestinian-elections-intl/index.html) In Gaza, more and more Palestinians have grown disenchanted with the once popular Hamas. Alternate parties are beginning to bubble up, and despite being fledgling and inchoate, seem to embody Palestinian desires more than the established leadership. “The youth are fed up with their leadership. They might have answers. They might not have structures, but they’re all unified in rejecting the old order,” said Muasher. All this blew up into clear view after the Sheikh Jarrah protests over the forced evictions. “There’s a lot of frustration among the Palestinians particularly because of the Sheikh Jarrah incident,” said Muasher. “There is no Palestinian that doesn’t feel the pain of being forced out of their homes.” Back in Sheikh Jarrah, the Kurd family continues to fight a court battle to keep what’s left of their home, despite feeling certain that the Israeli justice system will rule against them. Israel’s Supreme Court postponed the latest hearing, which was set for May 10, due to tensions surrounding the case., and a new date has not yet been set. “To this day, there’s not enough room for us inside the house,” said Kurd, as he stood outside the part of his home where a Jewish settler now lives. Video showing the man from New York went viral after Kurd’s sister confronted him about inhabiting the home. “We sleep on the couch. The recent development in the uptick of police violence has forced us to even sleep with our shoes on,” said Kurd. “Because we’re afraid of when they’re coming.” CNN’s Kareem Khadder reported from Jerusalem. CNN’s Tamara Qiblawi reported and wrote from Beirut.

After the declaration of a ceasefire brought an end to more than 10 days of conflict between Gaza and Israel, Kurd and other Palestinians can rest a little easier. But … Read More